Claude Monet (1840-1926), the eldest son of a grocer from Le Havre, was the founder and leader of the impressionists. He encouraged his peers to abandon the studio and paint en plein air, in front of the motif, or subject – haystacks, poplars, the water lily pond at his home in Giverny, Rouen Cathedral – and to paint at speed in order to capture l’effet: the particular light conditions. One of his first impressionist works, from 1870, of his wife Camille on the beach at Trouville, has grains of sand embedded in it. He had a boat fitted out so that he could paint on the Seine. Manet visited him in 1874 and, impressed, painted him at work in his boat. There is, though, an element of mythologisation in all…