Innholdsfortegnelse for No. 151 i The Week Junior

The Turkish president Recep Tayyip Erdogan has said that Saudi Arabia is responsible for the death of a journalist, Jamal Khashoggi, who died in a planned and violent attack. The incident took place inside the Saudi Arabian consulate (an official government office in a foreign country), in Istanbul, Turkey, on 2 October. There is growing international pressure on Saudi Arabia to give a full explanation of what happened. Who was Jamal Khashoggi? Jamal Khashoggi was arespected journalist from Saudi Arabia, who often criticised the Saudi government. For the past year, he wrote for The Washington Post, a newspaper in the US, and in his last article, he wrote about governments in the Middle East silencing journalists and critics. Khashoggi had spoken out against the Saudi Arabian government in recent months.…

Children are being asked to create a cover for the Christmas issue of The Big Issue magazine, in a bid to raise awareness of homelessness. Anyone aged 13 or under can enter the competition, and the winning design will appear on the front page of the magazine. Homeless people around the UK can sell The Big Issue to make money for food and accommodation. Winter is particularly challenging for people who don’t have a home, as they face cold and wet weather and often have no proper shelter. There aren’t any official figures on how many people across the whole of the UK are homeless, but a Government report suggested 4,751 people slept rough every night in 2017 in England alone. At least 78 homeless people died in the UK…

Riviera coast, France Oil spill clean up begins Beaches along the south of France have been closed as volunteers try to clean up oil that has washed ashore since two boats crashed in the Mediterranean earlier this month. The accident happened on 8 October off the island of Corsica, and one of the ships’ fuel tanks was punctured. The oil slick was 12 miles long and several hundred metres wide. The clean-up is taking place on some of France’s most famous beaches, including Saint-Tropez, on the French Riviera. Nevada, US US pulls out of missile treaty US president, Donald Trump, has announced that the US will withdraw from a treaty (a formal agreement) with Russia, which dates back to 1987. The treaty banned the use of nuclear missiles – powerful…

On 15 October, fracking began in the UK for the first time in seven years. Fracking gets its name from the way rocks are fractured to release the gas that they contain. This gas is then used to power homes and factories. Many people are worried about the risks of fracking, saying that it is dangerous and bad for the environment. In 2011, the controversial process to collect natural gas was linked to some small earthquakes. People living just outside of Blackpool felt two small earthquakes, which were later confirmed to have been caused by companies fracking nearby. Burning natural gas also releases carbon dioxide into Earth’s atmosphere, a gas that is linked to climate change. About 70 campaigners blocked the entrance to the site in Lancashire using a van,…

The winner of this year’s Wildlife Photographer of the Year has been announced, and this stunning image of snub-nosed monkeys has taken the title. The picture, called The Golden Couple, was taken in central China’s Qinling Mountains by Dutch photographer Marsel van Oosten. It portrays two endangered snub-nosed monkeys sitting on stones. They are watching a squabble going on, which can’t be seen in the picture, between two lead males. Van Oosten followed the troop for days. He wanted to be able to capture the male’s blue face and long, golden hair in one shot. His perseverance paid off when a male and a female sat down on some rocks. His photo beat more than 45,000 entries from 95 countries. On hearing he had won London’s Natural History Museum annual…

Floating boats Boats used by locals to collect stones for building sites lie empty in Bangladesh. Baby bull An Okapi bull calf and its mother in Germany. Need for speed Graham Sykes on Force of Nature, his steam-powered rocket bike, in Yorkshire. Pumpkins galore People collect their pumpkins in a field near Frankfurt, Germany. Off the beaten track A 1928 Delage DR70 at a car event in Wales. Hands up A protester’s hand at an election event in São Paulo, Brazil.…

Bini the dunking rabbit Bini, a Holland Lop breed of rabbit, holds the Guinness World Record for most slam dunks in one minute by a rabbit. The magic number Bini achieved was seven dunks. Dog with the longest tongue A St Bernard from South Dakota, US, called Mochi “Mo” Rickert holds the Guinness World Record for the dog with the longest tongue. It measures 18.58 centimetres. The longest ever belonged to a boxer called Brandy,, whose tongue wass 43 centimetres. Fur real? The domestic cat with the longest tail in the world was Cygnus, from Michigan, US. His tail was 44.66 centimetres long. Cygnus’s brother, Arcturus, held the record for tallest domestic cat, measuring 48.4 centimetres. Sadly, both cats died in 2017.…

Have you ever met a Fortnite cheater? Some players can seem a little bit too good, but it’s very hard to prove whether someone’s really a cheater or just a clever player. Now the game’s creator, Epic Games, is taking steps to help tackle anyone who is tempted to try to cheat while playing. It has bought a company from Finland called Kamu, which has developed a technology called Easy Anti-Cheat that is already used by more than 80 other games to spot and deal with players who want to get an unfair advantage. Epic Games says that buying Kamu will help the game be “fair for all players”. With 78.3 million players in August alone, there will always be some people trying to cheat at Fortnite – but soon…

A2,400-year-old shipwreck discovered off the coast of Bulgaria is thought to be the oldest ship to be discovered still in one piece. Since around 400 BC, it has been lying beneath the Black Sea s with its mast, rudders and benches for rowers all complete. The 23-metre-long boat even contains bones from food its sailors ate while on board. Lying on its side 2,000 metres beneath the surface, the Greek ship has been kept in good condition because, unlike other bodies of water, the Black Sea depths don’t contain any oxygen from the atmosphere. A team of archaeologists (people who study evidence of past human activity) from the UK and Bulgaria used remote-controlled cameras – the ship is too deep for divers to reach. Professor Jon Adams, from the Black…

On 20 October, 700,000 people in London joined a protest calling for a final vote on the Brexit deal, according to organisers. People travelled from as far away as the Orkney islands, in Scotland, to take part. What is Brexit? Brexit is the word for the UK leaving the EU (an organisation of 28 European countries who trade together and follow the same rules). This is due to happen on 29 March 2019. On 23 June 2016, around 52% of UK voters voted to leave the EU in a referendum (a special vote). The UK Prime Minister, Theresa May, is trying to reach a deal with the EU to decide how the UK and EU will trade and work together after Brexit. Why were people protesting? Some people believe there…

Battersea Dogs and Cats Home, in London, is asking people not to dress their dogs up in costumes for Halloween, saying that it could be “cruel”. Chloe Jackson from the animal shelter explained, “We certainly don’t want to spoil the fun of Halloween... [but] not every dog is comfortable with a lot of handling and some will become very stressed if you try to put them in a costume” She suggests using a festive collar or bandana instead, which won’t restrict their movement as much.…

On 12 October, Public Health England (PHE) officials announced that the pizzas and pies eaten in restaurants and ordered as takeaways should be made with fewer calories to help stop obesity. Obesity – meaning the problem of people being very overweight – is thought to have been caused by the way in which many people live. We’re eating far more foods that are high in fat, sugar and calories, and doing less exercise. PHE says that pizzas should be no more than 928 calories, and pies should stick to 695 calories or fewer. This would mean that restaurants and fast-food chains would either have to change the recipes of their dishes so that they contain less fat, sugar and salt, or make them smaller. Is this the right thing to…

Saga Vanecek became famous after discovering a 1,500-year-old sword in a Swedish lake while on holiday this summer. The eight-year-old has written about the experience for The Guardian newspaper, saying, “It feels like that lake might be a little bit magic. On that day I felt a little bit magic, too.” Because of the legend of King Arthur, who became ruler after being given a sword in a lake, some people think Vanecek should be the Queen of Sweden. The sword has now been donated to a museum. Vanecek said she felt “boo” that she didn’t have it any more, but “yay” that other people can see it. Vanecek said she wouldn’t mind being a queen for a day, but would rather be a vet or “an actor in Paris”.…

Located in Dorset’s Poole Harbour, Brownsea Island is home to lots of thriving natural habitats. It includes a lagoon, woodlands and heathlands (wide open areas covered by plants such as heather). It supports the rare red squirrel, and a variety of birds, such as kingfishers, sandwich terns and oystercatchers. The very first scout group camped on the island back in 1907. Scout and Guide groups still camp on the island during the summer. Find out more at nationaltrust.org.uk/brownsea-island…

Roll up, roll up! It’s been 250 years since the first modern circus. A trip to the circus can include lots of different things: acrobats, animals, candy floss, clowns, magic and music. In the two and a half centuries since the creation of the circus ass we know it, lots of things have changed. Some early performances included a range of wild animals whereas nowadays, modern visitors to the circus expect to be wowed by incredible acrobats, dazzled by magic, and delighted by clowns. So what is the story behind one of the longest-running forms of entertainment? The first ever circus The word circus dates back to the venues used for Roman gladiator fights, but the modern circus was created in 1768 by Philip Astley. He used a circular theatre…

Do you enjoy your school dinners, or do you think they could be more interesting? How about printing them with a 3D printer? That’s what pupils at St. Helen’s Primary School in Canning Town, London did on 6 October. A normal printer prints layers of ink on paper. A 3D printer builds up thin layers of a material (in this case, food) on top of each other to make three dimensional objects. On the menu were geometric fish & chips, cauliflower cogs, hummus and guacamole lizards, and the maths symbol Pi (π) for dessert. The week-long event was set up by The Big Bang Fair, the UK’s largest event aimed at encouraging young people into STEM (science, technology, engineering and maths) subjects. Claire O’Sullivan from St. Helen’s Primary School, said,…

The 2018 Invictus Games began in Sydney, Australia, on 20 October. Around 500 athletes from 18 countries are taking part. Archery, athletics, cycling, indoor rowing, powerlifting and sailing are included as part of the 18 sports at the seven-day competition. The Invictus Games allow injured, wounded or sick military men and women to compete for gold, silver and bronze medals. These are the fourth games following events in London in 2014, Florida (US) in 2016 and Toronto (Canada) in 2017. Team UK’s first medal came in the Jaguar Landrover Driving Challenge, which is a special test of driving and navigation skills. Team captain Dot Perkins and Daniel Bingley won bronze. On the second day of competition Team UK took an impressive 11 medals in cycling. Andrew White won the UK’s…

Keira Knightley, who stars in Disney’s upcoming movie The Nutcracker and the Four Realms, has banned her daughter from watching some of the films made by the company. The actor revealed she didn’t want three-year-old Edie to see Disney’s The Little Mermaid or Cinderella. She told US chat-show host Ellen DeGeneres that Cinderella “waits around for a rich guy to rescue her” and said she didn’t like that Ariel gave up her voice for a man. Not all Disney films are banned, though. Knightley said her current favourites include Finding Dory, Moana and Frozen. She’s not the only Disney actor to question the way female characters are treated. Kristen Bell, who is the voice of Anna in Frozen, said that after watching Snow White with her two daughters she asked…

Thousands of people from Central American countries are travelling to the US, where they hope to find a better life. The migrants (people who leave their home country for a better job or living conditions) are mostly from Honduras and Guatemala, where many people can’t find work to pay for food and shelter. They are travelling in a big group to the US border so they stay safe. If they reach their destination, there is no guarantee they will be allowed to cross the border. The US president, Donald Trump, doesn’t want people from countries in Central America to enter the US. He says they should give up, and has threatened to close the border. He has said the US will stop giving aid to the governments of countries the…

29 October 1618 Sir Walter Raleigh executed for treason On 29 October 1618, Sir Walter Raleigh was executed for treason (the act of betraying your country). Raleigh was an adventurer and poet who organised three major expeditions to America. In 1603, Raleigh was sentenced to death for apparently plotting against the king, James I (1566–1625). At the last minute, Raleigh’s punishment was reduced to life imprisonment. Two years later, after a failed expedition to South America, Raleigh was found guilty of treason, and executed.…

Stephanie Gilmore has dominated surfing since she made her debut in 2007, winning six world surfing championships, including four titles in a row. No other surfer in the men’s or women’s competitions has done this before. She could make it seven this year. Gilmore, who is from Australia, started surfing at the age of nine. She is happy that prize money for men and women will be the same in the World Surf League from 2019. In an interview with The Daily Telegraph, Gilmore said that current female surfers are trying to set a good example. “We’re athletic, we’re fierce, we’re confident... and we’re out there chasing after our dreams and goals,” she says. “It’s funny, people say to me, ‘You surf like a guy’. But actually, no, the greatest…

Fracking is a process by which gas and oil is removed from a type of rock, called shale, deep underground. A large drill bores a hole a few thousand metres into the earth and a mixture of chemicals, sand and water is pumped into it. The mixture goes into cracks in the rock, which forces out natural gas trapped there. This is then pumped up to the surface. The gas, known as shale gas, is used as fuel to provide electricity, heating and hot water to homes and businesses around the country.…

On 12 October, a female Grevy’s zebra was born at Marwell Zoo in Winchester. There are just 2,800 of this endangered species left. You can choose a name for the foal at tinyurl.com/TWJ-babyzebra ● LIFESPAN IN THE WILD: On average, Grevy’s zebra live around 13 years. ● HABITAT: Dry grasslands of southern and North-eastern Ethiopia and central and northern Kenya, in Africa. ● DIET: This species grazes on a variety of grasses, but is also known to snack on trees and shrubs when it’s dry. ● FUN FACT: Grevy’s zebra foals can stand up only six minutes after being born, and can run after 45 minutes. DID YOU KNOW? The Grevy’s zebra is the largest of all equids – the group of animals that includes donkeys, horses and…

In the early hours of 20 October at a spaceport in French Guiana, BepiColombo blasted off on a seven-year journey to Mercury. BepiColombo, named after an Italian scientist and mathematician, will try to unlock some of the secrets of the planet, including what it is made of and if there is any water on its surface. Despite being the closest planet to the Sun, Mercury is known to have ice in some places that are shaded from the heat. However,, it is unclear whether this ice is made of water or something else. BepiColombo is a “mini-stack” spacecraft of three parts, made up of a transfer module that will power the spaceship to Mercury, and two probes – the Mercury Planetary Orbiter (MPO) and the Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter (MMO). The…

Ivan Hope Price, Caroline Dubois & Karol Itauma The boxers all won gold medals for Great Britain at the Youth Olympic Games in Argentina. Lauren Williams & Jade Jones At the World Taekwondo Grand Prix in Manchester, the British stars won gold in their weight division. Kyle Edmund The no.1 ranked British men’s tennis player won his first ATP title at the European Open in Belgium. Kyle beat France’s Gael Monfils. Marc Marquez The Spanish motorbike rider secured his third MotoGP title in a row. It’s the fifth time he’s been crowned champion.…

The National Pet Show takes place on 3–4 November at the NEC in Birmingham. It features more than 420 breeds and species of animals including cats, fish, reptiles and wolves. It is a family day out where visitors can meet the creatures, attend talks and see some remarkable animals. Among the events is SuperDogs Live with wildlife presenter Michaela Strachan, which will be a live celebration of the UK’s canine companions. For those who prefer feline friends, there is the English Cat Garden, where guests can see a range of different breeds and get tips from experts on how to be a good cat owner. There is also an aquatics area with beautiful fish, where people can also get advice about keeping and looking after fish. You’ll also be able…

“It is amazing to break a world record with my friends. Before the tunnel was dark and gloomy, but now it will be bright and colourful. I had to be very careful not to cross lines when I was colouring in. I met the mayor. I knew who he was because he has a big, golden chain around his neck. I like that I got three scoops of ice cream at the end of colouring in the mural. Everybody will see the mural every day they walk down the tunnel. ” What’s going on at your school? Have you taken part in a sporting event, put on a show or done something fun to raise money? Whatever you’re up to, we want to hear about it at…

“Your Big debate on stone stacking inspired us to find an alternative. We had great fun stacking apples instead this autumn!” Alex, Year 3, and Nicholas, Reception “This is a photo of me dressed as Doctor Who. I really loved the article about the new doctor in the last edition of The Week Junior and I can’t wait for the next episode.” Sami, Year 6 “Enjoying my Week Juniorin the Big Apple.” Poppy, Year 7…