We live in a world of alternative facts. Paradoxically, these arise because political and religious leaders, driven by belief systems, base their actions on what they believe to be ‘truths’. By contrast, science, shockingly to some, is not concerned with absolute truth.
Scientists establish the best current theory, given the available evidence. These results are subject to revision as new evidence comes to light. Science is always provisional. This is why scientists often struggle when pulled into political debates. A good scientist avoids the absolute certainties politicians want to hear, and this is interpreted as weakness. The reason scientists do this is that they are aware of their frames of reference.
A ‘frame of reference’ is a physics concept – it’s at the heart, for example, of relativity, and is…
