Frederich Nietzsche distinguished between two approaches to culture: The Apollonian, which is characterized by order and rationality, and Dionysian, which is about chaos, intoxication, and vitality. Apollo was the god of Music, Art, Light, and Knowledge, and to Nietzsche, the Apollonian impulse was the main source of beauty. It is characterized by order, clarity, individuation, and measured restraint. To me, Greek sculpture and the paintings of the Great Masters best represent this impulse. It’s not just their classical forms—there’s a strength to it, a solidity. Also think of the great Classical composers: Haydn. Mozart. Beethoven to a point.
Dionysus, on the other hand, was the god of wine, religious ecstasy, and ritual madness. The Dionysian view of culture is quite the opposite of the Apollonian view. The impulse is—quite different.…