Oscar Micheaux
Years active:
1919 – 1948
Pioneering and prolific, Micheaux produced and directed more than 45 ‘race’ films – movies with African American casts, aimed at African American audiences, which challenged Hollywood’s negative portrayals of Black people. Micheaux’s Within Our Gates (1920), a silent, searing depiction of racial violence, is the earliest surviving film directed by an African American.
Spencer Williams Jr
Active: 1928 – 1962
Another pioneer of African American cinema. Williams’ The Blood of Jesus (1941), a modern morality play in which a Baptist woman is tempted by the devil in purgatory, was a commercial hit and, in 1991, was selected for preservation in the US National Film Registry.
Gordon Parks
Active: 1964 – 1987 Enter blaxploitation: Parks’ 1971 crime thriller Shaft was seminal, with its box…