Innholdsfortegnelse for July 2016 i Land Rover Monthly

KAHN DESIGN has taken the wraps off its latest modified creation, the Ultimate Defender. Revealed at the London Motor Show in May, the one-off Defender is the latest special edition vehicle from Kahn, and comes with a series of unique features including front and rear wide wings, integrated vents and a set of 20 inch Mondial wheels. On the inside it gets a set of GTB seats, leather dashboard, Churchill clock, sat nav and reversing camera – all of which help the car achieve its £65,000 price tag. Speaking ahead of the cars launch, designer Afzal Kahn said: “I have designed a vehicle that celebrates the history and unique personality of the Defender. This is a fitting tribute to one of the world’s best-loved vehicles.”…

BACK IN 1984, when the world was young and I was the fresh-faced editor of a fishing magazine, I was sent a pair of boots to review. They were called Bridgedale Dryboots and were proper lace-up hiking boots, with a reinforced under-arch steel shank for optimum toughness but, unlike just about every other pair of boots I’ve ever owned, they were totally waterproof, because they were made of rubber. The trouble with rubber is that it doesn’t breathe, which usually means there’s nowhere for perspiration to escape to, so you end up with wet feet anyway. Think sweaty wellies. But in the case of the Dryboots, a thick anti-sweat jersey-cotton padded lining absorbed the moisture and made them extra-comfortable, with extra padding around the ankles and under the soles. They…

“At the heart of this very public war there lies a great deal of bravery and grief, as well as the occasional Land Rover” We’re driving to Aleppo – running a proverbial gauntlet on the road that runs through a barren stretch of Syrian countryside controlled on one side by ISIS and on the other by a Syrian branch of Al-Qaeda. Although terrorist positions are unsettlingly close to the road, as long as we complete the journey in daylight hours, everything should be fine, our driver Omar has assured us. On the outskirts of the city of Homs, we start hearing the rattle of intermittent gunfire. Looking at the collapsed, bullet-ridden buildings we are passing, it’s hard not to feel apprehensive and, with unexpected traffic starting to surround us, there…

"The punter with £5000 in his back pocket can expect a fantastic choice" Politicians are trusted about as much as second-hand car salesman. In other words, not very much. When UK prime ministers Harold Macmillan and Harold Wilson both told us we’d never had it so good – in the 1950s and the 1960s, respectively – nobody really believed them. Just as nobody would believe a Land Rover salesman who told you today you’d never had it so good. But in fact the Land Rover seller would be telling you the truth. When it comes to buying great Land Rovers at sensible prices, we’ve never had it so good. When I decided to buy my first Land Rover, 21 years ago, I had £5000 burning a hole in my pocket.…

Range Rover Classic (1970-1996), Range Rover 2 (P38, 1994-2002) and Range Rover 3 (L322, 2002-2012) are three very different cars, but they all bear the Range Rover badge – and all can be picked up for £5000. In the case of the Range Rover Classic, a car that was once commonplace on our roads is now getting scarce. This is because rust has taken its toll, just as it has on the very similar Discovery 1 (which shared virtually the same chassis). But a good one that’s rust-free, preferably with a Tdi diesel engine, is well worth a £5000 asking price. Be aware that if you’re tempted by a V8 petrol you can expect poor mpg. The second-generation P38 is a very different car that was years ahead of its…

"The design was functional but it reminded us of a pizza delivery truck" WANT TO SEE THE PIZZA TRUCK? Then head down to the American Air Museum at the IWM in Duxford, near Cambridge. For more details see www.iwm.org.uk. Give yourself the best part of the day, as there is much to see and experience. To enter adults pay £18 and kids £9. The Pizza Truck proudly stands alongside some really impressive aircraft such as a B-17 bomber and a SR-71 Blackbird. On August 13, 1992 ABC News television producer David Kaplan had just flown in to Sarajevo Airport. He and his team were there to interview the new Yogoslav prime minister. There was no place for him in the armoured United Nations convoy, so he jumped into another press…

For anyone who truly loves Africa, there is only one way to travel: in a Land Rover. So, hot on the heels of the inaugural 2012 Umoja Journey – where we travelled from Mombasa, Kenya, to donate two Land Rovers as ambulances to a women’s clinic in Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo – I cajoled three fellow adventurers to join me on a similar mission. They were Liz Dillarstone and Nicola Guise, both from Oundle, Northamptonshire, and Colleen Cole, from Canada. We prepared ourselves for adventure and excitement, and finished the journey with a renewed sense of social purpose, and a healthy respect for the virtues of a well-equipped Land Rover. Between the camaraderie, magnificent scenery and '80s disco music, there were moments of quiet reflection when the true…

“Ill-timed problems mean a new course has to be designed" The Santana Trophy 2016 kicks off in Linares, southern Spain, which was for many years the home of the Santana factory. Both Santanas and Series Land Rovers will be taking part and competitors line up from several countries: Denmark, Portugal, France and Spain, fill in the paperwork and then technical and safety checks before the adventure begins. It is 400 km to the port of Algeciras and the ferry across the Straits of Gibraltar. Stage 1: Tanger MED - Ifrane After arriving at the Moroccan port of Tanger there’s a briefing before the first stage starts mid-morning. Today’s stage is a long, fast one through the distinctive Moroccan landscapes. The first part on the highway is pretty monotonous, but soon…

TREVOR CUTHBERT CONTRIBUTOR DISCOVERY TD5 YEAR: 2002 MILEAGE: 102,300 POWER: 136 bhp TORQUE 221 lb-ft My great and talented mate, Dan Dew of Demand Engineering in Ipswich, delivered my beloved Discovery 2 back to me recently. The Land Rover is now sporting one of his fine stainless steel exhaust systems – although this one is a new departure from his normal work. Around a year ago there were a group of us at Demand Engineering on one of Dan’s ‘work weekends’. This is where we are all assembled to carry out a long weekend of spannering, and the like, on some project or other that is in need of moving forward – with the promise of food and drink for all, as well as some special favour. This favour is…

TIM HAMMOND CONTRIBUTOR RANGE ROVERS YEARS: 1970 / 1983 / 1988 MILEAGE: n/a ENGINE: 3.5 V8 / 3.5Efi POWER: Impressive TORQUE: Ample MPG: 16 Classic Range Rover HQ has been a busy place again this month, but I started off for a change working on my 109 Series IIA. For the last year or so it’s had an annoying fault where you would turn the key to start it, as a result nothing would happen, other than just a clicking noise, which was coming from the starter relay on the bulkhead. However, after a few turns of the key the relay would work and throw the starter in and fire up. It’s been like that for ages now, so has never really worried me, although it was quite annoying, but…

ED EVANS • General workshop tools, angle grinder, lifting equipment, crow bar TIME HALF DAY COST TIME ONLY DIFFICULTY RATING Stripping down and rebuilding a Land Rover is something most of us would like to do. We often read about how easy it is because of the apparently simple construction. And it should be relatively easy, but there will always be some aspects that are darned difficult. But those jobs are never insurmountable, given some decent tools, the ability to learn some skills, and shed-load of patience. I’ve owned my Series III soft-top for around 26 years now and, although it’s had good maintenance in the past, it’s still deteriorated over time. In my case, enough large jobs have been put off for a few years until there are enough…

TREVOR CUTHBERT • Tools: General workshop tools, flaring tool, tube cutter TIME 3 DAYS COST £6686 SO FAR DIFFICULTY RATING I am a great believer in a systematic approach when building or re-building a Land Rover. By this, I mean tackling each component or sorting out each system as an individual job. This way, one can tick off the list of jobs in a logical order and not become overwhelmed by the shear volume of pipes, hoses, cables and connections to be sorted out. Sometimes though, while one is job being tackled, another requires attention too, and the two items can be dependent on each other. As an example, I was starting to fit the gearbox oil cooler pipes and had already put the top one in place. I was…

Tell us a bit about your Land Rover It has the chassis, body and gearbox of a 1958 Series II that was exported to Cyprus. Later someone changed the radiator, front wing panels and fitted Series lll headlights. It was probably around the same time they put in the 1965 2.25-litre petrol engine. Why do you love classic cars? My mum and dad both love old cars and they participated in the 1997 Peking to Paris rally in a 1936 Railton (which they still have) and in the 2000 London to Peking rally. After that my dad purchased a 1985 One Ten which we named Gladys. For as long as I can remember I have wanted to own my own Series Land Rover and have been saving pocket, birthday and…

JAGUAR LAND Rover has announced that it aims to increase the number of ex-service men and women employed across its global operations to 1000 by 2020, that’s an impressive five-fold increase on recruitment since 2013. The announcement is the latest in support of the British Armed Forces from the British car maker, and will see injured, sick, and retired ex-service men and women form part of its growing global workforce. The UK’s largest vehicle manufacturer welcomed the start of the 2016 Invictus Games, a sporting competition for ex-forces personnel, in Orlando, Florida. The company has been Presenting Partner of the Invictus Games since the inaugural event in London in 2014 and has committed to continuing its support for the games to be held in Toronto, Canada next year. Since the…

Cornwall farmer James Bond (that is his real name) uses his Defender 90 to transport his award-winning Dorset Down and Wiltshire Horn sheep around the country for agriculture shows. Daryl Clifton-Keen cunningly uses mud to help his Freelander 1 blend in with the environment With his winch-equipped Discovery 2, Benjamin Müller is never stumped when it comes to extracting tree roots Charles Bell is a Land Rover Master Technician, which makes him a useful guy to have along on any Land Rover trip The only guarantee at a Trinbago Land Rover Club outing is that it will be a laid-back affair Zainal Yusof loves nothing more than taking his Series III jungle-bashing in the Malaysian rainforest Large parts of Holland lie below sea level so parking in water is widely…

“They aren’t brighter. They just make the people behind think your vehicle is newer than it is” I’m still in the first honeymoon period of owning my Range Rover Vogue L322 DE06 CXH. It’s the most fabulously comfortable (and quick) grand touring vehicle ever. (And please don’t tell the beloved Marjorie, but it’s a very capable off-roader as well, I have found...) Among the papers when I bought CXH I found the first-ever change of ownership letter for sending off to the manufacturer that I had ever seen. I sent it off to JLR on 7 March. Haven’t heard a thing from them since. Maybe it’s too old. One small disaster – the front number plate fell off. I’m old school, I got out me drill and two screws. It’s…

One of the problems with specialising in older ‘classic’ Land Rovers is that very few of the jobs I am given are easy. Most owners do their own basic servicing, and only take the vehicle to a garage when faced with a problem too difficult for them to be confident in their own skills. This makes it very difficult for me to work out how long a vehicle is likely to spend in the workshop. My landlord, who has had a lifetime in the motor trade, explained to me the phenomenon of ‘cup rings’. When a vehicle starts accumulating rings on the front bumper from coffee mugs, you know it has been in the workshop too long. The 1975 Series III 109 inch currently cluttering up my premises has plenty…

This sort of money will buy you the very best of the early Ninetys and One Tens from 1983 to 1989. But be aware that naturally aspirated 2.5 diesels are slow (I know – I own and run a 1984 Ninety!) and petrol variants are thirsty. The turbodiesel option later available gave the Ninety and One Ten a welcome power boost, but has a reputation for being unreliable. Many of these early turbodiesels have had their dodgy engines replaced by later 200Tdi or 300Tdi units from scrapped Discovery 1s. Five grand will also buy you a decent 200Tdi or 300Tdi Defender, although if you find a decent one be prepared to move quickly as they are soon snapped up by eager enthusiasts. The Tdi option is also a sensible one,…

Freelander 1 (1997 to 2006) and Freelander 2 (2006 to 2015) are very different cars – and they also fetch very different prices. With a budget of £5000 you should be able to buy just about the best Freelander 1 out there… but that same wad will only get you a high-mileage Freelander 2, if you’re lucky. Although residual values have been tumbling since the Freelander 2 was replaced in the Land Rover line-up by the Discovery Sport, said prices still haven’t dropped enough to put many within the reach of the £5000 punters. This is very much a reflection of the great reputation the second-generation Freelander deservedly won. You can find high-mileage examples for five grand, but check over carefully. By contrast, the Freelander 1 didn’t have such a…

"The story isn't just about the engine, this car is in time-warp condition" The classic car market has flourished in recent years, and along with the rare and exotic super cars, classic Range Rovers have definitely been on the list. Typically it is very early, Suffix A cars, those made from 1970 to 1973, that are the most coveted. The two-door body is a strong part of the appeal, for many say it suits the proportions of the Range Rover better. Aesthetics aside, practicality says the later cars are more useable, meaning Efi era, 1989 on, and ultimately the last soft-dash cars, from 1993 to 1996. So perhaps the best specification would be a blend of the two, mixing the two-door looks, with more practical, later-spec technology? Sadly, we never…

"When I was working at Land Rover I was surprised how seldom early Land Rovers were discussed" I was pleased to be there for that historic occasion and it was the first time I had my photo in a magazine. Mind you, the family needed a magnifying glass to see me. In the group photograph there must have been at least a couple of hundred personnel, but there wasn’t anyone else in that photograph that was closely involved in the Land Rover before me. I’m proud to say there aren’t many people – if any – who can claim they saw the first Series II on the line as well as the last Defender. Since boyhood I have been a Land Rover fan – something I’ll tell you more about…

MAY 26 – 29 Germany – Abenteuer & Allrad 4x4 & Overland show Bad Kissingen www.abenteuer-allrad.de MAY 26 – 31 ALRC National Rally Southern Rover Owners Club Copford Farm, Heathfield, West Sussex www.sroc.co.uk/2016national. htm MAY 27 – 29 France – French 4x4 Rally Championship Rally Jean de la Fontaine www.ffsa.org MAY 27 – 30 Series 3 & 90 – 110 owners Club 2016 National Rally (members only) www.thelandroverclub.co.uk MAY 27 – 30 North Lakes 4x4 Club Challenge Weekend Renwick, Cumbria www.nl4x4.co.uk MAY 28 UK Landrover Events Lake District Tour, Cumbria www.uklandroverevents.com MAY 28 – 29 Muddy Good Weekend Claydon Estate, Bucks www.facebook.com/ MuddyGoodWeekend www.activeshows.co.uk MAY 28 – 30 Pennine Land Rover Club Robin Hoods Bay, North Yorks www.penninelandrover.co.uk MAY 29 Anglian Rover Owners’ Club CCV/RTV Trial May Mile Tree Farm,…

DAVE PHILLIPS EDITOR DISCOVERY 1 YEAR: 1996 MILEAGE: 151,000 ENGINE: 300Tdi POWER: 111 bhp TORQUE 195 lb-ft MPG: 25 NINETY YEAR: 1984 MILEAGE: 163,000 ENGINE: 2.5 diesel POWER: 68 bhp TORQUE 113 lb-ft MPG: 30 The Britpart Dynamat Xtreme sound deadening that I stuck to the underside of the bonnet of my Ninety last month has cut down the noise from my clattery naturally-aspirated 2.5 diesel engine. Not only have I been pleasantly surprised by its performance, I was even more impressed with the ease with which I had been able to fit the self-adhesive, pre-cut sections. And that was the clincher for me: it really had been a doddle. So, I decided to go the whole hog and give the rest of the vehicle the Dynamat treatment. I’ve got…

MARK DIXON CONTRIBUTOR DISCOVERY V8 YEAR: 1989 MILEAGE: 139,643 ENGINE: 3.5-litre V8 POWER: 143bhp TORQUE 190 lb-ft MPG: 18-23 Why do you need three Discoverys?” said a puzzled friend. The short answer is, I don’t, but that’s what I’ve ended up with. The latest addition to the fleet – 1989 press launch ‘G-WAC’ and 1991 200Tdi – is a 1989 V8 three-door, originally finished in Foxfire Red but now mostly covered in green algae. I bought it as a parts car for my G-WAC restoration project. That was the intention anyway but, as always, life is rarely that straightforward. I’ve been banging on for ages about how we’re approaching tipping-point for the original three-door Discovery, good examples of which will shortly be as hard to find as early-70s Range Rovers.…

SMOKING FREELANDER NEEDS TLC Q I’ve just bought a 2003 Freelander Td4 pre-facelift model with 93,000 miles on the clock, and one owner, albeit a farmer’s wife. When it first starts, it smokes a lot. The smoke is grey/blue, but it clears after a while. It drives perfectly, and there is no noticeable lack of power. The engine oil is thick, but is black with no nasty other colours in it. The Freelander had been stood for four months when I picked it up, and it will be having a major service with Forte flush and Forte additives. But before it’s serviced I’ll wait for your reply, just in case it’s bad news. There are endless jobs: the rear tail door handle is stuck up and I have ordered new…

ED EVANS • General workshop tools TIME 3 HOURS COST FROM £110 DIFFICULTY RATING When Mrs E’s Freelander 1 develops the slightest rattle or squeak, urgent attention is demanded, regardless of whether I declare the offending noise as being immaterial to the running of the vehicle, or that something far more serious has dropped off one of my own trucks. In this case, the very slight squeak was coming from the screen wipers and, after confirming it wasn’t simply a dodgy wiper blade, I decided it needed to be eliminated on safety grounds. Any noise or loose or jerky movement from the screen wipers on any Land Rover means that trouble is developing, so the sooner it’s fixed, the better, because if the wipers fail in foul weather, the car…

A ONE-OFF Ferrari-inspired Overland Defender has gone on sale, with a number of Italian touches incorporated into the British Icon. The 2015 model stands as one of the latest Defenders ever built, and following a build programme led by Overland, remains one of the most unique offerings yet. Currently on sale from John Holland in Sheffield, South Yorkshire, the vehicle comes complete with a Rossa Corsa paint scheme and Ferrari Crema leather interior teamed with hand stitched embroidery. Besides the matter of £69,900, it could be all yours. Beyond styling, Overland have remapped the 2.2-litre turbodiesel to produce 225 bhp, while an upgraded intercooler has been installed to cope with the extra grunt, while further back lies a new de-cat sports exhaust,. An uprated anti-roll bar, custom Eibach springs and…

CLASSIC LUNCH TIN PRICE: £42.99 If you drive a classic Land Rover then you need a Stanley Classic Lunch Tin. This rather large box has a capacity of 9.4 litres so it can hold enough food to feed a small workshop and it’s made from extremely durable 0.6 mm SPCD steel. You can fit a Stanley vacuum bottle or mug in its domed top, too. www.outdoor365.co.uk LOCKING TREE SLIDERS PRICE: £250 These locking tree sliders will protect your Defender 90 from trees and thieves. We all know that the flimsy standard Defender door locks provide thieves with no significant challenge. Not so with if you have the bolt system found on these locking tree sliders. www.hamshaw888.com SWISS ARMY KNIFE PRICE: £58.99 The compact Handyman Swiss Army Knife is loaded with…

“When you look back on Land Rover’s turbulent history you can’t help thinking it’s a lucky company” History would have turned out very differently if, one fateful night in July 1888, Klara Hitler had told her hubby Alois that she’d got a headache. The world without Adolf Hitler would have been a very different place. Better? To most, definitely. But perhaps not to me, personally. Without the second world war, my father, an airman, wouldn’t have met my mother. And that means somebody else would now be writing this column. Only it doesn’t. Without the war, America wouldn’t have sent hundreds of thousands of Jeeps to Europe, which means that immediately after the war Maurice Wilks wouldn’t have ended up with an army-surplus Jeep on his farm in Anglesey. And…

SO, THE best Defender engine is the Td5, according to the article in last month’s LRM. Having worked on pretty much every kind of Land Rover ever made – and quite a few that weren’t, beyond the prototype stage – I beg to differ. Then again, I’m something of a traditionalist and, like most LRM readers I suspect, I prefer engines that can be mended at the side of the road rather than in a workshop full of diagnostic gear. For me, the Td5 is far from perfect. There have been issues with crankshaft pulleys coming loose, and even the oil pump drive shearing. If that happens, the engine seizes within 30 seconds and you can wave goodbye to your turbo, crankshaft bearings, the whole lot. It was a good…

Leaf-sprung models used to be the bargain basement of Land Rover ownership, but not any more. A pretty average Series III that could have been picked up for not much more than £1000 ten years ago will now fetch £3000 or so. This reflects the current demand for back-to-basics simple Land Rovers – perhaps as an antidote to the over-complicated cars of an ever-more-complicated modern world. It’s refreshing to drive a car that actually has to be driven, if you see what I mean. The world appears to be a different place if you watch it go by at 45 mph. If you’re looking for a £5000 Series I, the early 80-inch models are now being snapped up by classic car collectors and values are appreciating accordingly, so five grand…

DATES FOR THE DIARY Want to see Mission Motorsport in action at the Defender Challenge? July 16 - 17: Walters Hill Rally, Glyneath September 30 - October 1: Track Rod, Pickering November 19 - 20: Borders, Dalry Mission Motorsport, the Forces’ motorsport charity, has fairly straightforward objectives: race, retrain and recover. And after spending a day at Mission Motorsport's HQ just southwest of Oxford, I can confidently declare that they are well on their way to achieving those three objectives. The team has given me a real green oval welcome with Land Rovers of every description lining the entrance to their workshop and HQ. There is a Discovery 1 standing next to a Disco 4 and a Range Rover Classic beside a new Evoque. Maybe I shouldn’t have parked my…

"Under his flat cap is the mindset of man forged in the era of Brunel" There was a time when the sun never set on the British Empire. During the reign of Queen Victoria, little old Britain punched way above its weight, and that was because we invented the industrial revolution. We mined coal and iron ore and built stuff like ships and steam engines that helped us conquer the world. In those days, no American would have dared tell us what to do. After all, it hadn’t been that long since America itself had been a British colony. Yet this year President Obama threatened that we’d be at the back of the queue for trade deals with the USA if we didn’t vote as he suggested in the European…

Members of the Yorkshire Central Region of the Series III & 90-110 Owners Club held a members’ driving assessment day at Cross Hills near Keighley, West Yorkshire. Following the recent bad weather everyone arrived to a very muddy site, and it was clear from the outset we were in for an interesting day. In fact, it would turn out to be a real assessment of driving skills. A dry area was located to set up camp, where the signing on and vehicle checks were undertaken. As the spring mist cleared everyone set off across the muddy site to have a go at the sections and driving challenges set out for our members. Set aside the name of our club, we welcome all Land Rover owners and enthusiasts, and we generally…

DAVE BARKER CONTRIBUTOR FREELANDER 2 - XS YEAR: 2013 ENGINE: Td4 POWER: 148 bhp MPG: around 42 and 32-ish when towing DEFENDER - 90 YEAR: 2004 ENGINE: 300Tdi POWER: 111 bhp MPG: 32+ on a good day SERIES I YEAR: 1958 ENGINE: Rover V8 3.5 POWER: should be 156 bhp MPG: not a lot When it comes to running our Land Rovers I guess we are all on a budget, well most of us anyway. When you see what some people are spending right now on pimping Defenders I sometimes wonder. Just how much could you spend on a bit of leather and chrome trim? Whatever your budget, sometimes you have to spend to keep your Land Rover both legal and on the road, tyres are one of those things…

TREVOR CUTHBERT • Tools: General workshop tools, drill, M10 tap, welder TIME 4 HOURS COST PARTS £168 DIFFICULTY RATING Has the Td5 engine in your Discovery 2 or Defender developed a high-pitched whistle or squeal from the engine bay? If it has, the chances are that your exhaust manifold has become warped and will have broken a stud or two – or pulled the studs from the cylinder head. The squeal that one hears is the exhaust gases being expelled under high pressure through the tiny gap that has opened up between the manifold and the cylinder head. The temperatures generated within the Td5 exhaust manifold can be quite extreme. When the engine is driven very hard or if it’s highly tuned or perhaps doing a lot of heavy towing,…

GARY STRETTON • Socket set, spanners, pliers, ruler, sheet of glass, compressed air TIME 4 HOURS COST £40 DIFFICULTY RATING The Zenith 36IV carburettor has been out of original manufacture for some years, although new copies are available. The copies have aroused much debate as to their quality and, similarly, so has the value and effectiveness of trying to rebuild an original carb using a widely available overhaul kit. The 36IV divides owners, creating much opinion expressed in online forums, but no firm conclusions appear to have been reached. Many owners opt to fit a Weber 34ICH carburettor instead which, when compared to the Zenith, offers restricted gas flow with better fuel economy, though with reduced power. Having read and heard many differing opinions on the 36IV when used in…

THREE VERY different classic Land Rovers go under the hammer at the Classic Car Auctions (CCA) sale at the Warwickshire Exhibition Centre on Saturday June 18. The first is a 109in Series I that has been extensively restored yet left in its bare metal state, which is expected to fetch between £12,000 and £15,000. Also in the sale is a 1994 three-door Range Rover Classic offered for restoration with no reserve and a 1994 Range Rover Vogue SE in rare Avalon Blue, expected to fetch between £7000 and £9000 – and once owned by a famous darts player. The 109 pick-up’s restoration, by its current owner in 2014, included a full overhaul of the engine, transmission and suspension, but as is the current trend among purists it has not been…