Prized by gourmets the world over, the bulging, spongy-bottomed king bolete is, in truth, much more than a fungal fancy. Arising in mixed and evergreen woods in late summer and early fall, it is a mighty ecosystem engineer, part of a corps of mushrooms that have marshalled the elements of creation and renewal for more than 450 million years.
Bolete mushr ooms are ephemeral fruits of vast underground fungus networks that partner with trees, enmeshing root tips in their fibres. The fungus grows by tapping roots for sugars produced by photosynthesis. In return, microscopic fungal threads secure water, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other nutrients for the tree by reaching into soil pores much too small for root hairs. The symbiosis, which protects trees from microbes, toxins, and parasitic fungi, is especially…
