Innholdsfortegnelse for 235 i The Week Junior

16 June 1963 The first woman to travel to space On 16 June 1963, cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova became the first woman to travel to space. A cosmonaut is a Russian astronaut. She took off in the spacecraft Vostok 6 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, spending two days in space and orbiting the Earth 49 times. The spacecraft was accidentally programmed to drift into space for ever, instead of returning to Earth, but scientists managed to update the directions and Tereshkova made it safely back to Earth.…

On 10 April 1912, RMS Titanic (RMS stands for Royal Mail Steamer) set off from Southampton, England, and began a journey to New York, US, that it would never complete. At the time, it was the biggest ship in the world and one of the most luxurious – for those who could afford it. At around 11.40pm on 14 April, the Titanic hit an iceberg and started to take on water. By 2.20am the next morning the ship had sunk. Jewellery, children’s marbles, a bowler hat and a statue have been recovered from the ship, and in 1998, a large steel door from the ship’s hull was removed and is on display at a hotel in Las Vegas, US. Now, a US court has said that a company can retrieve…

England footballer Raheem Sterling turned his focus from sport to a far more important topic in a TV interview last week. Sterling was addressing the issue of racism following the protests across the UK and the US in response to the death of a man in the US, George Floyd (see page 2). “Just like the pandemic,” Sterling said, “we want to find a solution to stop it.” Sterling was born in Jamaica in 1994. His mother Nadine competed in athletics at a national level. The star says that he learnt his “unique” running style from her. He never knew his father, who died when Sterling was two years old. The family moved to Neasden, near Wembley in north-west London, when Sterling was five. He had behavioural problems and went…

Gibbons are small apes, distant cousins of humans, and closely related to chimpanzees, gorillas and orangutans. There are around 20 known species, living in forests across southern Asia. They move around by swinging through the trees, and can reach speeds of up to 35mph using their strong hands and special shoulder joints that allow greater movement. They are also the primates that can walk most like humans, moving on branches or along the ground on two feet while swinging their arms over their heads to keep their balance.…

Rutland ospreys Thousands of birdwatchers have gone online to see rare ospreys nesting at Manton Bay, Rutland, England. Ospreys are a large bird of prey and were extinct in England until they were reintroduced on Rutland Water more than 20 years ago. This spring, at least four chicks hatched. Tropical rainforests The destruction of tropical rainforests increased last year, with an area of primary forest (natural habitat dominated by old trees) almost the size of Switzerland wiped out by forest fires and clearance for farming and timber. More than a third of this area was in Brazil’s Amazon rainforest.…

On 23 March, the UK went into lockdown to stop the spread of the coronavirus outbreak. Since then, young people have had to adjust to a new way of life. For many students, school work has been done from home, and people have had to stay away from friends and family. Whatever you’ve been doing, everyone is living through a unique moment in history and has an interesting story to tell. As restrictions start to ease and some schools reopen, here are a few tales from our readers about what they’ve been up to over the past few months. Learning from home Schools in the UK closed on 20 March for everyone except vulnerable children and the children of key workers, meaning long days of studying at home. Scarlett, aged…

Scientists in the US have created the most detailed map of the Moon ever produced. It combines everything we have so far discovered about the surface of our satellite (a moon, planet or machine that orbits a planet or star), and it could be used to guide future lunar missions. The map is called the Unified Geologic Map of the Moon (geology is the study of rocks and other substances that make up the surface of Earth and other worlds). It is the result of a partnership between the United States Geological Survey (USGS, a government organisation that studies the natural landscapes of the US), the NASA space agency, and the Lunar and Planetary Institute (which studies the solar system). Together, the organisations combined images taken by modern satellites with…

Where did you get the idea for this book from? All ideas sort of wander into my head. If they hang around long enough, I’ll write them down, then write a plot synopsis, and if it still won’t go away, I’ll write the book. Is the story based on an experience in your life? It’s based on a lot of the difficulties I had in school as a child. I sometimes felt like I was an alien. No matter how much I tried, people often misunderstood me. It could be very lonely, but you pick yourself up and keep going. When did you know you wanted to be an author? As soon as I was able to read books by myself. I read everything I could and then started making…

In Minecraft This month, Minecraft has a new Pac-Man download from its in-game store, where you can run through mazes or build your own to share with friends. Pac-Man 256 Released in 2015, this game for iPhone and Android phones was made by the people behind Crossy Road, with an endless maze to chase around. Google Doodle To celebrate Pac-Man’s 30th birthday in 2010, Google made one of its “doodles” to play on its search page. You can still play it today at tinyurl.com/TWJ-pacdoodle…

A big thank you to ALL our readers who got in touch to tell us about what they’ve been up to under lockdown – see page 12. The team has really enjoyed looking at your pictures and hearing about the events and activities that have shaped the past few months for you. Not to mention the fun we had putting together the front cover. We’re all so impressed by the resilience and good humour you’ve displayed, even though it’s been a really weird and difficult time for so many people. Some of you have been raising money for good causes, others have been caring for family members, and lots of you have thrown yourself into sports activities, baking and a whole load of brilliant and inspiring projects and challenges. If…

YOUR PHOTOS  We’d love to see your snaps. Send them to us at hello@theweekjunior.co.uk Don’t forget to tell us why you took them. “I have been enjoying baking independently. I was inspired to start baking after watching Junior Bake Off on TV.” Jessica “I have decided to make a medal to all of the NHS as I want their work to be recognised.” Harris “I made this rainbow pen pot out of the pages of The Week Junior magazine! (After I’d read them, of course!)” Charlotte…

Follow The Week Junior on PopJam@TheWeekJunior. You can download the PopJam app from the App Store or Google Play. We asked our PopJammers for their thoughts on the Black Lives Matter protests happening around the world... “I went on a BLM protest and it was so enlightening. It really showed you (well, it did for me at least) that racism is still one of the most pressing issues of today, even if we may not think it is. It really made me think...” “I hope there is change.” “It’s so great to see people fighting for justice.” Tell us what you think of this week’s issue and we’ll print some of the best comments here.…

On 9 June, George Floyd’s funeral took place in Houston, Texas, US, where he grew up. The funeral was attended by family and friends and was streamed online around the world. During the church service, Floyd’s brother Rodney said, “Everybody is going to remember him... He is going to change the world.” Joe Biden, who is hoping to be the US’s next president, said in a video message, “When there is justice for George Floyd, we will truly be on our way to racial justice in America.”…

LARGE HEATH BUTTERFLIES Around 45 large heath butterflies have returned to Greater Manchester, 150 years after they went extinct in the area. Chester Zoo and Lancashire Wildlife Trust released the butterflies in a secret location that is being restored near Manchester. THESE TWO HEROES Two Second World War veterans have cycled 104 miles on exercise bikes for the charity Care for Veterans. That was the same distance one of them sailed in 1944, from Portsmouth to France, at an important moment in the war. Len Gibbon, 96, and Peter Hawkins, 95, started on 8 May and finished on 6 June. A LUCKY RESCUE An inquisitive fox had to be rescued after a member of the public found it with its head trapped in a sweet jar. The fox was discovered…

Josie and Jamie, aged 11 and nine, help their parents care for their two disabled sisters, Phoebe and Amelia. Jamie, Phoebe and Amelia are triplets. Josie and Jamie help by feeding their sisters through tubes, getting them dressed to go out and changing their nappies. They also entertain their siblings if their parents are busy. They find the work tiring and it makes going to school harder. “I don’t always feel like helping. I’d rather play.” Jamie said. “Mum and Dad need our help.”…

● RMS Titanic was one of the world’s most famous ships. It was said to be unsinkable, but on its first voyage, in 1912, it sank after hitting an iceberg. More than 1,500 passengers and crew died and around 700 people survived. ● The wreckage was discovered in 1985, about two and a half miles below the surface of the North Atlantic Ocean. ● In May this year, a company called RMS Titanic Inc was given permission by a US court to cut into the Titanic to take its telegraph machine, which transmitted messages. RMS Titanic Inc owns the salvage rights to the wreck, which means that no one else is allowed to explore it.…

“I believe in creating a world where we all belong equally.” Caroline Casey The activist with a life-changing story. Describe yourself in three words. Dangerous dreamer with a heart; or brave, kind and curious. Who do you love? My husband Gar, my family, my friends and all those who dare to be themselves. As a child, who did you want to be like and why? Mowgli from The Jungle Book because he just hung out in the jungle and was free. And now? The best me – If you someone who believes in freedom, the magic of possibility and love. When you were 11, what did you dream of doing? Being a cowgirl, an adventurer and to make big things happen. What do you do now? I am a campaigner…

The number of hedgehogs in the UK has fallen dramatically. Many hedges and woodlands where hedgehogs nest have been cleared to make way for bigger fields, so if you have a garden, it’s more important than ever to make the animals welcome. The Cumbria Wildlife Trust has lots of tips on how to make a garden appealing to the prickly porkers. Make sure there are piles of logs and leaves for nesting. Team up with neighbours to make hedgehog highways – small holes in fences leading from one garden to another. Layer compost around plants to attract worms and beetles, the hedgehog’s favourite food, but don’t feed them bread and milk because it can give them diarrhoea. UNITED SPACE All the gardens in the UK together make up an area…

A fossilised creature discovered on a Scottish island has been identified as the oldest land animal ever found. The millipede-like critter dates back to 425 million years ago – that’s more than 350 million years before Tyrannosaurus rex roamed the planet. The 2.5-centimetre fossil, called Kampecaris obanensis, was found in 1899 on Kerrera, one of the Inner Hebrides group of islands. Although it is not directly related to today’s millipedes, it might have looked very similar when it was alive. A team of researchers at the University of Austin, in the US state of Texas, recently completed a new study of the historic fossil. They used a process called radiometric dating, which estimates the age of rocky materials by measuring chemicals that change from one form to another over long…

Hello, Universe by Erin Entrada Kelly (Piccadilly Press) When Chet pulls a prank that traps Virgil (and his pet guinea pig) at the bottom of a well, Valencia, Kaori and Gen set out on an epic quest to find him. Over the course of one day, a group of very different young people find their lives weaving together in unforeseen ways in this award-winning story. Night Speakers by Ali Sparkes (Oxford University Press) Every night, Elena, Matt and Tima wake at exactly the same time. When they venture out in the dark and find each other, the trio realise that although they are very different, they have one extraordinary thing in common – they have the power to speak any language, and even communicate with animals. To Night Owl from…

Kipo and the Age of Wonderbeasts, Season 2 From 12 June, Netflix The enthusiastic and curious Kipo and her gang of survivors continue their exploits in a post-apocalyptic world. Their mission is to save Kipo’s father from the evil Scarlemagne. Tutankhamun in Colour 9pm on 18 June, BBC Four The tomb of Tutankhamun was discovered in 1922, almost 100 years ago. In this show, experts use a special technique to turn black-and-white photos into colour so you can see the ancient treasure when it was discovered in 1922.…

Pointillism is a painting technique invented in the 1880s by two French artists, Georges Seurat and Paul Signac. It’s a method that involves applying dots of paint to the page to form a whole picture. Seurat and Signac believed that when someone looked at the painting, their eyes would blend the separate colours like a musical harmony. Why not create a work of art to give to someone on Father’s Day? For tips, watch Olaf Falafel’s video at tinyurl.com/twj-pointillism What you need ● Patience ● A pencil ● Paper, card or canvas ● Paint (acrylic or oil) or felt-tip pens ● Something to squeeze the paint onto, like a paper plate or palette ● Cotton buds for making the dots Instructions Start by thinking what you’d like to draw. It…

Name: Ava “Can you imagine what it would be like to hear nothing at all? Even if someone screamed in your ear? That’s me! I’m deaf, but most of the time I can hear just as well as you can because I have cochlear implants. They’re like hearing aids, but instead of making sound louder, they make signals that tell my nerves and my brain what to hear. When I take my implants out, everything is silent, except sometimes I “hear” a series of beeps and noises called tinnitus. Tinnitus is my brain still trying to process sounds, even when it’s quiet. I wrote a poem about it for Auditory Verbal UK, the brilliant charity that helped me learn to speak and listen. I’m going to read it in Parliament…

Teacher’s name: Mr Turner, aka Mr T School: Notting Hill Preparatory School, London “Mr T makes learning exciting and always wants us to do our best and try our hardest. He listens to what we have to say and encourages us all to take part in every discussion from maths to history. During lockdown he has started some fun and fascinating clubs to keep us positive. He inspires us every day and we are so lucky to have a teacher like him.” Florence If we pick your teacher as Teacher of the Week, we’ll sendyourschoolthreefreeissuesof The Week Junior. Send your nominations, along with a picture of your teacher and your school’s full name and address, to hello@theweekjunior.co.uk Please include your full name and address so that we can send you…

1 When was World Oceans Day? a) 6 June b) 7 June c) 8 June a □ b □ c □ 2 True or false? There are an estimated 13.6 million unpaid carers in the UK. 3 In which European country was a Nile crocodile reportedly on the loose? 4 In which year did the Titanic sink? a) 1812 b) 1912 c) 2012 a □ b □ c □ 5 True or false? Raheem Sterling bought 200 tickets for pupils at his old school to go to a match at Wembley. 6 What type of animal is an osprey? 7 In which month did the UK go into lockdown? a) February b) March c) April a □ b □ c □ 8 True or false? Millipedes have been found on…

Now that you’ve read a bit more about it, tell us what you think by voting in our poll at theweekjunior.co.uk/polls. Vote YES if you think that items should be rescued from the Titanic, or NO if you don’t. We’ll publish the results next week. The aim of the Big debate page is to present two sides of an issue fairly and objectively, in order to stimulate discussion and allow our readers to make up their minds. The views on the page do not reflect those of The Week Junior, and the page is not funded by third parties. The page is created in association with the English-Speaking Union, an educational charity helping young people discover their voice and realise their full potential. For more information, please see esu.org…

There is fresh hope for the survival of a rare species of gibbon after a new breeding pair was discovered in China. The Hainan gibbon is one of the world’s rarest primates (the group of mammals that includes apes, humans, lemurs and monkeys), and lives in an area of forest on Hainan Island in the South China Sea. In the 1950s, there were thought to be around 2,000 left in the world, but by the 1970s the animal was almost extinct, with fewer than 10 individuals left. This was because of hunting and deforestation (the cutting down of trees for timber and to clear land for farming and housing). In 2003, when only 13 gibbons were left, a rescue plan was put in place at the Bawangling National Nature Reserve…

Luke Taylor Keeper at ZSL London Zoo Wolves are not a breed of dog, but experts now generally agree that the grey wolf and domestic dog are not separate species. Instead, dogs (in all their breeds) are a sub-species of the grey wolf Canis lupus. London Zoo is home to African hunting dogs, which are far more distinct from domestic dogs than wolves are, but still share very similar behaviour. Enjoy unlimited visits to ZSL London and Whipsnade Zoos, plus a host of other benefits with ZSL Membership. Find out more at zsl.org/membership/zsl-membership…

Water levels across the planet were particularly high during the Silurian Period, thanks in part to the melting of ice that had once covered large areas of the Earth’s surface. Most of today’s land was covered by shallow seas bursting with life. Primitive fish without jaws were the most common ocean dwellers. These were hunted by giant “sea scorpions” called eurypterids – extinct animals with spiked tails, related to modern horseshoe crab. At the same time, surfaces began to change as fungi developed and released nutrients into the soil, creating the conditions for eventual plant life.…

A Kind of Spark by Elle McNicoll (Knights Of Media) Addie knows all about being different. She’s criticised by her teacher and stared at by the other girls in her class, who whisper and giggle behind her back. She is autistic; loud noises and bright colours make her head spin, and sometimes she struggles to read people’s expressions and understand feelings, even with her own family. When she finds out about the witch trials that once took place in her Scottish home town, she feels an instant connection to the “witches”, who were unfairly singled out just for being different. Addie starts a campaign to create a memorial to the witches, challenging how the people in her town see her. Elle McNicoll’s touching story is for anyone who believes in…

Looking to learn something completely extraordinary? In need of some new, mind-boggling information? You can lift the lid on amazing feats of everyday engineering with a range of learning resources that have been expertly created for parents and teachers. There are STEM (science, technology, engineering and maths) activities and films including instructions from TV science presenter and STEM Ambassador Dallas Campbell on how you can engineer the perfect paper aeroplane, or understand the secrets of space with British astronaut Tim Peake. Don’t forget to tell your parents and teachers to head to stem.org.uk/home-learning…