Innholdsfortegnelse for No. 89 i The Week Junior

Usain Bolt, the world’s fastest man, ran his last professional solo race on Saturday. He was competing in the 100 metres at the World Athletics Championship in London. The Jamaican runner was expected to win because he holds the world record in the event. However, he came third, behind winner Justin Gatlin of the US and Christian Coleman, who came second. Bolt has had problems with injuries this year and said he “didn’t get the power” when he needed it. Gatlin cried when he won, but some members of the audience booed him because he has taken banned drugs in the past. The drugs are said to make athletes perform better, and taking them is against the rules. In 2001, Gatlin was suspended from running for a year for using…

10 August 1675 Work on Royal Greenwich Observatory begins The Royal Greenwich Observatory was commissioned by King Charles II in 1675, and the first foundation stone was laid on 10 August in Greenwich, south-east London. It was designed by the famous architect Sir Christopher Wren. The King wanted a building that mapped “the motions of the heavens” and a place for “the perfecting of the art of navigation”. Over the next 250 years, ten Astronomer Royals (astronomers who advised the king or queen) were based at the observatory. The observatory is now a museum that you can visit.…

Paper marbling This is the art of floating ink or paint on water in a marble-like pattern then transferring the pattern onto paper. It became popular in Europe in the 1600s. Coachbuilding This is the construction of a horse-drawn vehicle such as a coach or a carriage. There are currently between one and five coachbuilders left in the UK. Clog making Clogs are shoes with a thick wooden sole. Traditionally, clogs were worn by factory workers because they were strong and comfortable.…

On 3 August, England’s hopes for victory in the Women’s Euro 2017 tournament were dashed when the squad was knocked out by host country, the Netherlands, at the semi-final stage. The team’s performance has, however, drawn praise from all quarters throughout the tournament – not least thanks to the efforts of star striker, Jodie Taylor. Taylor is a natural goalscorer. Over the course of the contest, she scored five goals – more than any other player in the tournament – and was awarded the Golden Boot (the prize for top goalscorer). She’s very methodical in her preparations for a match. Before playing, she’ll spend hours watching footage of her opponent’s goalkeeper, aiming to learn their strengths and weaknesses. “You can watch five or six clips” she says, “and you start…

August is a time of celebration and remembrance in India and Pakistan. It’s when both countries celebrate their national days, on 14 August for Pakistan and 15 August for India. Citizens of each country will mark their national day with fireworks and family gatherings. The celebrations are even more important this year, as it is 70 years since the countries won their independence from the British Empire. Yet the celebrations will be bittersweet. The countries were once part of a vast, British-ruled territory often called British India, until they became free on 15 August 1947. That day, British India was torn into modern India and Pakistan. The split was deeply painful. Roughly a million people lost their lives and around 12 million people had to leave their homes forever. This…

In-Kyung Kim The South Korean golfer won her first ever major tournament. She was victorious in the Women’s British Open at Kingsbarns Golf Links, Scotland. Netherlands women’s football team They won the Euro 2017 final on home soil after beating Denmark 4-2 in the city of Enschede. England lost to the Netherlands in the semi-final. Rocco Dettori The 12-year-old son of horse racing legend Frankie Dettori has qualified for the Shetland Pony Grand National race in December. England men’s cricket team On 7 August they beat South Africa at Old Trafford, Manchester, in the fourth Test. It means England won the series 3-1.…

Disaster strikes for Fred and three other children when their aeroplane crashes, and they find themselves stranded in the depths of the Amazon rainforest. Lost in the vast, wild jungle, hundreds of miles from civilisation, they must cope with everything from poisonous snakes and forest fires to finding enough food to keep them going. Fred has always dreamt of being an explorer like the heroes he’s read about – but now he learns that life in the jungle is tough. Can the children survive – and will they ever be able to find their way back home? This wonderful story of adventure, friendship and bravery will make you long to explore the jungle yourself, building rafts, foraging for food and discovering extraordinary creatures. A joyful celebration of wild places from…

Tinkerblocks iOS (£1.99) Tinkerblocks is the latest app that allows you to practise your coding skills, or even learn coding for the first time. The app will teach you programming concepts like commands, loops and conditions, as well as how to fix pesky bugs. It all works by getting you to drag and drop code “blocks” from a library on the left-hand side of the screen to a coding area on the right. The idea is to create your own mini apps that use the features of your iPhone or iPad, including its camera, motion detector and microphone. You can create a program that records a video then plays it back with a text message, or one that turns the device into a magic 8-ball that gives you advice when…

What should I bring? Just a towel and swimwear. A buoyancy vest, wetsuit, helmet and wakeboard will be provided. Where can I wakeboard? Look up your nearest wake park or wakeboarding club – it might be a lake, a river or the sea. What happens if I fall off? If you’re in a group, you’ll need to remove your board and swim to the nearest exit point, where you can climb out and join the queue to go again. If you’re wakeboarding solo, the handle will stop and wait for you to get back on. You’ll need to show you can confidently swim 50 metres wearing a buoyancy vest. Learn more… ● Find where to wakeboard: wakehq.com/where-towakeboard ● Look up your nearest wakeboarding club bwsw.org. uk/clubs/ ● Watch a video about…

When people aren’t happy with the way things are, they often show their feelings in public protests. In Venezuela, citizens have been protesting against the country’s president for months. Closer to home, there were angry scenes in June after the tragic fire at Grenfell Tower claimed many lives. Protesters wanted the people who were responsible for the buildings to be held to account. The threat of protests is said to have caused US President Donald Trump to decide against visiting the UK, while this week there are reports that big anti-Brexit demonstrations are being planned to coincide with the Conservative Party Conference in the autumn. Their aim is to stop the UK leaving the EU. But do protests actually make any difference? Well, they might not change anything immediately but…

1The heatwave that recently swept Europe was given which nickname? a) Lionel b) Lucifer c) Lacey 2True or false? The earthquake felt in the Scottish Highlands on 4 August measured 8.3 on the Richter scale. 3What is the name of the highest mountain in Africa? 4Dogs and cats were originally kept for what reason? a) To hunt or catch mice b) To show status c) For cuddles and playtime 5Rome’s first black emperor, Septimius Severus, was born in which country over 1,800 years ago? 6How many muscles can be found in an elephant’s trunk? a) Less than 10,000 b) Fewer than 30,000 c) More than 40,000 7True or false? India’s national day is held on the 15 August. 8Approximately how many teeth do slugs have? 9Where in the world can…

There were cheers at the stadium when Jessica Ennis-Hill was given a gold medal – but it wasn’t for this year’s World Championships. She was presented with the medal for the 2011 competition, when she came second in the heptathlon. The original winner, Tatyana Chernova of Russia, had her medal taken away from her because she failed a drugs test. Ennis-Hill said it felt “amazing” to get the medal in London. She said, “I would loved to have had it at the time but there couldn’t have been a better place bar having it at that actual moment.”…

AN AWARD-WINNING THREE-YEAR-OLD Three-year-old Isla Nelson from Glasgow won two prizes at the Scottish Comedy Awards on 1 August. The young comedian rose to fame when she published a video of her views on the 2017 UK election. It was watched by nearly 100 million people. GETTING A SURPRISE GIFT US citizen, Marshall Whitehead, returned a 151-year-old Bible to a descendent of its original owner. After tracking down Donald Mackechnie, Whitehead turned up at his door in Glasgow and gifted him the Bible. Mackechnie said, “I almost fell on the floor…”. THIS LOYAL CAT When 12-year-old Evie was diagnosed with bone cancer, her rescue cat Genie started spending more time with her owner. Evie said that the cat gave her the support she needed to get through her cancer treatment.…

Île de Ré, France 24-hour oysters Forward-thinking oyster farmers in France are finding high-tech ways of selling their wares. Instead of setting up kiosks or stalls to offer their oysters, they’re turning to vending machines. This machine, which is refrigerated to make sure the oysters stay fresh, is accessible to hungry seafood lovers 24-hours a day. “We can come at midnight if we want,” said one happy customer. “It’s excellent.” Canada Dead whales worry scientists North Atlantic right whales are rare – there are only around 500 left in the world. So far this summer, ten have been found dead off the east coast of Canada; at least three are thought to have been killed by ships. Scientists are worried that the whales are being driven from their normal habitat…

Yakushima Forest, Japan Animals living here include yaku deer and Yakushima macaque. The island this forest is on was the inspiration for the film, Princess Mononoke. Ancient Bristlecone Pine Forest, US This is home to what may be the oldest trees in the world, the bristlecone pines. One has been found there that is more than 5,000 years old. Kakamega Forest, Kenya This is the last remaining part of the Guineo-Congolian forest, a mighty rainforest which once stretched across Africa. You might spot blue monkeys there.…

Bike-only days in the Dolomites Cyclists are being encouraged to take to the roads during the summer season at a popular ski resort in the Italian Dolomites. The pollution-free scheme sees roads being closed to motor traffic for hours at a time on certain days. Niagara Falls turns black Dark water containing sewage and residue from carbon used to purify water leaked into the base of Niagara Falls on 29 July. Many visiting the famous river on the Canadian and American border feared that the black liquid could have been the result of an oil leak.…

Imagine if you cut your arm and instead of putting a plaster on it, your parents slathered on slimey, gooey slug mucus. That might sound really gross, but doctors from Harvard University in the US are trying to create a similar substance to help mend wounds. Dusky arion slugs are incredibly resourceful creatures. When they are in trouble they secrete a substance so sticky that it fixes them to the ground like glue so predators cannot grab them. The slime is effective because it contains special, positively-charged proteins that are attracted to the ground, which is negatively charged. This is a bit like how metal objects are attracted to magnets. This attraction makes it almost impossible for the slugs to be moved. Inspired by this sticky slime, doctors have created…

Put ’em up A pair of eastern grey kangaroos fight it out on Emerald Beach in New South Wales, Australia. Eyes closed! Powdered paint is thrown as part of the Holi festival in Barcelona. Surf’s up This soggy pair of pooches competed in the World Dog Surfing Championships in California, US. Braving the bridge Visitors walk across the world’s longest pedestrian suspension bridge in Switzerland. Deep sea cycle A woman pretends to cycle among the fishes in Verudela Underwater Park in Croatia. Dam, that’s high! Building work on what will be the world’s second largest hydropower station began on 3 August in southwest China. Sun-dried sweetcorn A farmer in Jinhe Village, China, spreads out the newly picked corn to dry.…

A Boy and a Bear in a Boat by Dave Shelton (David Fickling Books) In this illustrated story, a boy and a polar bear set out on a sea voyage, equipped with a suitcase, a comic book and a ukulele. But things don’t quite go to plan... Swallows and Amazons by Arthur Ransome (Vintage Publishing) The Walker children can’t wait to set out in sailing boat Swallow to explore Wild Cat Island. But then the Blackett sisters arrive on the scene, and a battle ensues. This classic story makes a perfect summer read. The Accidental Pirates: Voyage to Magical North by Claire Fayers (Macmillan Children’s Books) When 12-year old Brine Seabourne and runaway magician’s apprentice Peter are captured by a legendary pirate captain, they soon find themselves swept into an…

Katherine Rundell The Explorerauthor on crocodiles and the spiders you shouldn’t look up. Who is your favourite musician? That’s a very tough question – but probably jazz legend Miles Davis, who plays as if he’d seen the whole world and could put it into a single piece of music. What is the best present you ever got? I was once given a first edition of poet John Donne’s letters. I did a doctorate on Donne, so that is very precious to me. It has a very glamorous portrait of him, with a sword and an earring. What is your best childhood memory? When I was 10, and living in Zimbabwe, my best friend and I made a kind of log raft and poled it across a muddy lake. We kept…

Follow The Week Junior on PopJam @TheWeekJunior You can download the free PopJam app from the App Store or GooglePlay. Europe remembered the soldiers who died in the Battle of Passchendaele 100 years ago. You said… “Heartbreaking” @emojidancer10 “So brave” @willowsky_the_WC “RIP” @geckolover10 “So sad” @poppenguin53 Authorities discovered live king cobra snakes inside tins of crisps being delivered to a man in California, US. You said… “That would be so amazingly scary” @hermionegrangeri06 “That’s not funny. It’s just mean” @lovelaughlive1980 “I love snakes but cobras are poisonous” @HankZipzer5 Tell us what you think of this week’s issue. We’ll give you a shout out if your post is printed here.…

Have you ever considered how much personal information people give away when they’re online? From setting up social media accounts to the websites we visit and the comments and pictures we post, our online activities tell internet companies a lot about our lives. This data is known as a “digital footprint” and not everyone is happy about how easy it can be for others to see and use it. On 7 August, the Government announced details of plans for new laws that are designed to protect people’s information online. Although rules about how this information can be used already exist, a new Data Protection Bill would strengthen them and make it easier for people to find out what personal data companies already hold about them – and to be able…

What you need to know ● Evidence suggests that dogs were first tamed around 15,000 years ago from wild packs of wolves. Cats are thought to have been domesticated around 9,000 years ago. ● Dogs and cats lived alongside humans but they were originally kept for the help they offered – by hunting, or catching mice – not as pets. ● A 2016 report into the pet population of the UK found that around 40% of households own a pet. ● Scientists say that it is becoming clearer that pets have complicated thoughts and feelings – just like humans. Millions of families across the UK have a non-human family member. Whether it’s furry, scaly, slippery, slimy or feathery, the chances are it’s well loved. Pets are a huge part of…

Sucking leeches Leeches have been used in medicine for more than 2,500 years, and are still occasionally used today to help skin grafts and in reattachment surgery. Munching maggots During the First World War, maggots were placed on the wounds of soldiers to clean them out. The maggots would eat away at the dead cells around the wound, cleaning it and allowing it to heal safely. Bee venom Bee venom is the substance secreted by bees when they sting. It has been used in medicine for hundreds of years to help people with nerve pain.…

Car journeys can often be very long and very boring and some drivers are at risk of falling asleep at the wheel. However, one company called Creative Mode has a gadget to help change all of that. Steer is a bracelet that uses 16 sensors to measure signs, such as a driver’s heart rate. If their heart rate drops, which is a sign of drowsiness, the bracelet sends out a gentle electric shock to make the driver alert again. The device is expected to be available in November this year.…

BRAZIL BOYS Neymar joins four other Brazilians at PSG, including one of his best friends Dani Alves. Neymar and Alves played together at Barcelona. “I want a bigger challenge.” That’s what Neymar said after he joined French football club Paris Saint-Germain (PSG) from Spain’s Barcelona for £200 million on 4 August. The deal made Neymar the most expensive footballer ever. The previous record was Paul Pogba’s £89 million move to Manchester United from Juventus in 2016. Neymar’s transfer has made big news because of the money involved. It has been said that the 25-year-old goalscorer, who also plays for the Brazil national team, will be paid about £40 million a year. That’s nearly £110,000 every day. European football clubs are supposed to follow Financial Fair Play (FFP) guidelines so that…

WHOPPING WHALES The blue whale is the largest animal ever to have lived on Earth – the biggest recorded one was 30.5 metres long. Among the last of the truly great mammals that once roamed the Earth are whales. The animals occupy a special place in cultures around the world. They have formed the plot of books such as Herman Melville’s Moby Dick, and been the basis for countless myths and legends. From their enormous size to their incredible song that echoes through the ocean’s depths, they inspire awe and fear, at once familiar and unknowable. Now, London’s Natural History Museum is lifting the lid on these magnificent creatures, and offering a look at their lives and habits, in the new exhibition, Whales: Beneath The Surface. With more than 100…

The Big Family Cooking Showdown 8pm on 15 August, BBC Two Prepare for a brand new cooking competition where families go head-to-head to show off their family favourites and impress the judges. The first episode sees a family from London creating traditional Swedish dishes, while the other cooks dishes inspired by their travels. Home: Adventures with Tip & Oh Season three now available on Netflix Back for its third season, unlikely duo Tip and Oh are continuing their exciting adventures. First brought to our screens in 2015 in the DreamWorks cinema hit Home, the pair are enjoying exploring both life on Earth and in space, with their mysterious new friend Elrod. Goodbye Christopher Robin trailer tinyurl.com/TWJ-christopherrobin You’ve all heard of the “tubby little cubby all stuffed with fluff” that is…

Fundraising for Beanstalk Name: Ruben Year: 7 “I run a book review website, called Mango Bubbles Books. It is for under 18s to write reviews of the books that they love. June marked the third anniversary, and for every anniversary we host author talks and a raffle at my former primary school and our local independent kids’ bookshop. The children at the school make a donation in return for a non-uniform day, and the bookshop donates the proceeds from book sales. Plus, we run an online raffle to win signed books donated by authors. We use this to raise money for the reading charity, Beanstalk. They train volunteers to go into schools to help children who struggle with reading. Last year, we raised a whopping £1,340 and in the previous…

The biggest heart ever seen On average, a human heart is about the same size as your fist is when it is clenched, but a blue whale’s heart is a whole lot bigger. Now, the biggest heart ever seen is on display at Toronto’s Royal Ontario Museum in Canada. The ginormous muscle – measuring a staggering 1.5 metres tall and 1.2 metres wide – belonged to a blue whale whose body was discovered washed up on the shores of the Trout River three years ago. It’s a rare chance to see a huge heart up close, as dead whales usually sink to the bottom of the ocean. WOW! The blue whale’s heart weighs 180 kilograms – that’s only 1% of the weight of the whole whale. Naughty elephant tucks into…